浙江工商大学学报

“一人一策”是中国政府在公共管理实践中发展出的具有普遍实践和理论意义的政策理念。“一人一策”的有效性在于，政府面对多变的政策环境和政策客体，坚持人本导向，将一种灵活性强、灵敏度高的“需求—决策—资源”动态对接机制嵌入政策方案，于常态化运行中实现了对三种张力的调节：一是政策议程的滞后性与社会问题亟待解决的紧迫性之间的时间张力；二是行动者作为集体的一般性公共需求与个体化公共需求之间的利益张力；三是公共资源配置中公平与效率之间的价值张力。文章梳理了中国公共政策实践中“一人一策”的演进历程，分析了“一人一策”如何对公共政策进行有效调适，提出了政策调适分析框架，探讨了未来发展议程。

The concept of "One Person, One Policy" was developed by the Chinese government in response to the everchanging policy environment and policy objectives. It has universal practical and theoretical significance. It is a flexible and sensitive human-oriented dynamic docking mechanism of "demand/decision/resource", which can adjust three tensions in the normal operation of policies: firstly, the time tension between the lagging policy agenda and the urgent need to address social issues; secondly, the tension of interests between collective public needs and individualized public needs;thirdly, the value tension between fairness and efficiency in the allocation of public resources. This article reviews the evolution of "One Person, One Policy" in China's public policy practice, analyzes how it is adjusted, proposes a policy adjustment analysis framework, and finally explores the future agenda.