浙江工商大学学报

提前设置非法证据调查处理的时点,有助于区分证据的证据能力和证明力,落实非法证据排除规则;有助于防范心证污染;有助于集中审理,提升庭审效率。我国应斟酌证据排除的差异化情况,灵活设置多个时点,满足不同的处理需要。对属绝对排除的三类非法言词证据应坚持在庭前会议中调查处理,及早将其阻隔于庭审程序之外。对庭前会议未调查处理的非法言词证据,应践行“先行当庭调查+当庭处理”模式,于法庭调查程序的开始阶段调查处理。只有在符合明确列举的例外情形下,才可在法庭调查结束前调查这类证据。对属于相对排除的非法实物证据和瑕疵证据,仍可沿用传统的一并调查处理模式,待法庭全部调查完证据后,于最后的评议阶段作出决定。

Presetting specific timings for investigating and excluding illegal evidence helps distinguish between the admissibility and probative value of evidence, ensures effective implementation of the exclusionary rule, prevents contamination of judicial discretion, and promotes concentrated trials to enhance courtroom efficiency. China should adopt a flexible multistage approach to evidence exclusion based on varying circumstances. For three categories of illegal verbal evidence subject to mandatory exclusion, investigation and disposition should be conducted during the pretrial conference to prevent such evidence from entering the formal trial process. For any illegal verbal evidence not addressed in the pretrial conference, a “priority of incourt investigation + immediate ruling” model should be implemented at the initial stage of the evidentiary examination phase.Investigation of such evidence may only be deferred until before the conclusion of evidentiary examination under explicitly defined exceptional circumstances. Regarding illegally obtained material evidence and defective evidence subject to discretionary exclusion, the traditional unified investigation and deferred ruling approach may be maintained, whereby decisions are made during the final deliberation phase after all evidence has been examined.